Wednesday, 5 November 2014

Mansabdars, Suttee, Jizya Tax, Presidencies

Mansabdars: 
Mughal emperor Akbar introduced a new system officially called mansabdars who were responsible for civil and military administration. As they were appointed by Akbar they were directly answerable to him. Akbar ensured that they were not local land lords who had power in their own right. Instead they owned their position simply because they were appointed by Akbar. They would easily be dismissed or lose power so it was in their power to remain loyal. To stop them building up too much power in one area, Akbar often transfers them to jobs in other areas. When they die their wealth and property goes to the emperor. This stops them from accumulating wealth but makes them extravagant. 

Suttee:
It was a tradition of  Hindus in which if a husband died, his wife would also be buried with him alive. This was banned by Aurangzeb and banning it was a main reason for the decline of empire. Later it was also banned by British.

Jizya Tax:
It was a tax that early Islamic rulers demanded from non-Muslims. It was introduced by Akbar and then later re-introduces by Aurangzeb and resulted in decline of the empire.

Presidencies:
Bombay, Calcutta and Madras were the main bases of EIC. They were later known as Presidencies in British-India. They were also known as provinces. Those were the areas from where the EIC begin its control. Later these presidencies were to become the major places of British India. 


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